美國學校評審制度. Q- w9 m/ W' T& U
留美選擇學校,最重要的就是要先考慮這個學校是否被認證。
! @$ d I c1 t! k+ J0 ?當你念完書想找事做,你的老板會仔細地看你的文憑。畢業於經過認證的學校,這個時候用處就大了,因為許多公司只會考慮聘用經過認證學校的畢業生。 ; X Z+ y# E5 u: x+ M$ a( H. Z
辛苦來美留學,結果念的卻是不被承認的學校,那豈不是太冤枉了。 G) x% o5 n7 r4 Q' i* h
現在讓我們一起來看看美國學校的評審制度。 & N/ L$ B$ \5 S3 g* y
美國學校如何評審* r' W) R4 K: ?
在美國由一些非營利機構負責評審學院與大學及其學術專業課程,這些機構則由聯邦教育部定期審核、監督。雖然有些學校不在乎是否通過評審,不過大部分都希望經由相關機構取得認證。
' R' U; [7 S+ ]. _6 [評估一所學校或一項計劃,認證機構通常有下列步驟: 4 H- z: v1 p- F( ] ^/ D
1) 各校事先準備好的自我評估; 9 o4 X/ B3 y$ R" P
2) 認證機構指定小組審查自我評估,拜訪校園,實地探詢,作成報告; 8 e- J! j4 u* h+ q& w
3) 認證機構決定是否通過給予認證。 $ C% ]; H& i$ c
在認證通過前,某些單位獲得的是「暫時認證」;不過這並不能保證這些單位一定能獲得認證。 % l9 G2 _ ~0 g9 z& s) p% ?9 k
六個區域認證機構9 _0 H/ b2 E; ]3 A
美國有六個區域認證機構,它們主要功能在評估教育單位,包括公立和私立大學和學院及其他相關學校. 這六個機構是: ; v2 C' Q; D! V% K" E8 o
Middle States Association of Colleges and Schools
6 c8 t. d- N9 z# {) Q* l( jNew England Association of Schools and Colleges
1 e+ C3 @# U5 E0 {North Central Association of Colleges and Schools
+ Y: J; h0 ^4 L5 z' p5 CNorthwest Association of Schools and Colleges
6 L# a0 O. e$ ?" W) tSouthern Association of Colleges and Schools
5 j/ O9 {+ w: w8 F7 F O' pWestern Association of Schools and Colleges.
& `8 f: k: b/ R, ^4 T' t; o每一認證機構負責該區各州審核工作。
c, D; O( `- q7 fMiddle States Association of Colleges and Schools 9 c# [# A$ t1 y) j3 Q9 c3 i
負責地區包括﹕德拉瓦州、哥倫比亞特區、馬里蘭州、新澤西州、紐約州、賓州、美屬波多黎各及維京群島
6 c3 I$ e! a# T. [2 Y# W, ANew England Association of Schools and Colleges
6 s" h* c2 d/ ^3 F- t- E! S該區機構負責審核高等教育及職業訓練單位,地區包括康乃狄克州、緬因州、麻薩諸塞州、新罕布夏州、羅德島和佛蒙特州。 / ?, E9 u2 m* W0 W" {6 w `9 ]
North Central Association of Colleges and Schools % A& U/ W6 ? y3 g
責地區包括﹕亞利桑那州、阿肯色州、科羅拉多州、伊利諾州、印地安那州、愛阿華州、堪薩斯州、密西根州、明尼蘇達州、密蘇里州、內布拉斯加州、新墨西哥州、北達科達州、俄亥俄州、奧克拉荷馬州、南達科達州、西維吉尼亞州、威斯康辛州和懷俄明州。
" Z; r: d- C& {, Y! K2 {Northwest Association of Schools and Colleges 9 H/ [( H# @4 \* J' k
負責地區包括﹕阿拉巴馬州、佛羅里達州、喬治亞州、肯塔基州、路易斯安那州、密西西比州、北卡羅萊納州、南卡羅萊納州、田納西州、德州和維吉尼亞州。
# `9 T$ ]* H7 L* t8 GSouthern Association of Colleges and Schools ) z+ z, K& f0 K; L& c1 @7 L
負責地區包括﹕阿拉斯加州、愛達荷州、蒙大拿州、內華達州、俄勒岡州、猶他州和華盛頓州。
0 R9 _" r; v K# BWestern Association of Schools and Colleges! n% a" t5 P( O" @# A% j( x
負責地區包括加州、夏威夷州和美屬薩摩群島、馬里亞納群島、關島。 " m. {/ C" `& s; w7 x2 b7 d
教育單位認證機構: 9 Z( ], I8 O1 ~5 K1 W
Accrediting Council for Continuing Education & Training (ACCET); D( h. I0 l1 b
Accrediting Council for Independent Colleges and Schools (ACICS); Distance Education and Training Council 6 s2 a. v! i/ s% V( w
教育單位認證與計畫認證6 |+ d$ |% M; Q% L- z
除上述六個區域認證機構和教育單位認證機構外,還有一些專業認證機構負責審核學術課程;某些教育單位獲得認證,但不保證該單位所有課程都會獲得認證。當你找學校時,最重要的就是學校和課程都要經過認證才行。下面這些機構可以幫你查明認證情況:
5 w& E9 |1 E$ vPrograms and Professional Accrediting Agencies 8 |! ^! N& z9 A5 H, {, W3 T
Program+ ]& ?9 k. M: a+ h5 J
Accrediting Agency : Y5 `+ o; s Y% M5 {" L
Acupuncture' h- k5 I% C1 b' v' O
National Accreditation Committee for Schools and Colleges of Acupuncture and Oriental Medicine 2 I, v5 z2 t$ _" b( H
Allied Health
! g L+ d. O" u7 }; f7 jCommission on Accreditation of Allied Health Education Programs2 {) ~9 L1 z, I8 h
Architecture 7 Q" [# C* W" s1 w( q$ [
National Architectural Accrediting Board% t/ p8 X. |- |$ B# X. ~. s& v
Art and Design8 Q% ~5 b, Q& _3 ]! ~3 I r
National Association of Schools of Art and Design - u: [! ?" O& h/ M0 Z/ P
Business
3 F( C% E7 I3 gAssociation of Collegiate Business Schools and Programs % w" l* j) T7 |0 N
Chiropractic 6 }5 T/ `% r4 K) I
The Council on Chiropractic Education
* o/ L/ ^1 L7 n4 m0 V, O% \Dance ' C1 M ?2 c$ c! u% o
National Association of Schools of Dance 6 b4 ~2 Z' b. H$ e
Dentistry 1 f- }8 `% H1 o1 g
Commission on Dental Accreditation, American Dental Association" w+ L# u- ]7 U7 u
Education x3 \/ J, l* L5 }, d. q2 m" h
National Council for Accreditation of Teacher Education
, R5 p/ Z+ J' g) G) HEngineering
' z# e# t6 }( G3 `- r" qAccreditation Board for Engineering and Technology, Inc.: Q6 D* v. d# N7 A5 U. t& c/ t
Environment
2 e7 Q8 D& p. u6 y6 tNational Environmental Health Science and Protection Accreditation
( O7 C' k# W2 }1 A8 I |Health Services Administration6 t2 U0 Q: e* R( X
Accrediting Commission on Education for Health Services Administration$ H% p6 J2 m ~' y3 y+ B5 @
Interior Design
# `4 g2 c+ P; Q3 LFoundation for Interior Design Education Research, R) C- M' i# y
Journalism and Mass Communications) k- h9 a9 x$ c7 @1 O
Accrediting Council on Education in Journalism and Mass Communications: \5 m' y: F/ S! n4 U
Law 0 W8 X5 \2 E% }% S
American Bar Association , T3 p/ c- @) g6 n
Marriage and Family Therapy
/ t* K: @& j9 q6 X: v" S1 d J2 ~" PAmerican Association for Marriage and Family Therapy
3 s; J+ d. Z: `3 d9 G4 P# a% CMedicine
' h2 P1 {( v8 J% N" DLiaison Committee on Medical Education, Association of American Medical Colleges, American Medical Association; F. ^' b% I+ R/ g+ x" A4 U
Music 4 x0 ]4 p5 z: O! m+ O2 \* e
National Association of Schools of Music
9 ?* l: h1 U+ S o4 I; L4 L; J; y" eNaturopathic Medicine: |$ ?3 ^2 m" s7 J" P; ]. s! T! U
Council on Naturopathic Medical Education4 J3 X) e9 @# |1 P7 Y
Nurse Anesthesia
; @* \6 }8 d" w$ _- Q) HCouncil on Accreditation of Nurse Anesthetists Educational Programs# B7 a( R9 A: O2 z4 L. l
Nurse Midwifery) Y2 c8 K) k1 p( a& b
Division of Accreditation, American College of Nurse-Midwives
# z' X" f& V! E9 Y4 UNursing
4 f) a4 U$ K) y {1 V% IAccreditation Services, National League for Nursing, Inc.
! C& b& G0 y, [( gOccupational Therapy6 X3 a2 k: a9 t( p! W
Accreditation Department, American Occupational Therapy Association
- w$ X/ A0 T# Y fOptometry
5 P/ T: N }8 \8 {( S8 D6 PCouncil on Optometric Education, American Optometric Association
1 H1 J U" g4 a9 X9 ]Osteopathic Medicine
9 S6 Y) H) y. G6 U/ }7 n) \Department of Education, American Osteopathic Association
% C' g1 x7 _$ zPharmacy
9 d1 P. c/ q5 s4 gAmerican Council on Pharmaceutical Education8 b( ?' q T( W+ e% z' a' L: W9 c2 r9 c
Physical Therapy8 w6 J1 y" q/ f5 c2 _
American Physical Therapy Association
% n" q6 C0 A9 H+ mPodiatric Medicine
$ ~/ {, B( n4 W V5 {Council on Podiatric Medical Education, American Podiatric Medical Association4 B+ D" k$ r6 R# J9 e
Psychology ! L( J' h9 J s: N
Program Consultation and Accreditation Office, American Psychological Association9 S( F/ v5 f6 v/ R# r3 B
Public Health, V; H, _5 J [7 X+ ]3 D( g
Council on Education for Public Health
4 f" v8 h6 U6 M9 s! E- NRabbinical and Talmudic Education8 x+ H c' H5 w* [: ?
Association of Advanced Rabbinical and Talmudic Schools
/ C2 U+ D8 b9 x3 V& n9 i P, ESpeech-Language Pathology and Audiology
) |) Z3 A$ y0 o( sAcademic Affairs and Credentialing Division, American Speech-Language-Hearing Association
9 B9 Q( W( L; x3 OTheater1 w9 v. ~% Y/ \3 D
National Association of Schools of Theatre6 X, H* B4 \6 y) M5 J
Theology
, t$ f$ {3 o6 [1 c9 nAssociation of Theological Schools in the United States and Canada, B5 l7 ]+ [0 H* m) D
Veterinary Medicine9 L' {& L" {: ?2 o& Y0 Z+ S
American Veterinary Medicine Association |